Aromaticity Introduction to Aromaticity Aromaticity refers to the special stability exhibited by certain cyclic compounds due to the delocalization of π-electrons. This phenomenon is explained using Hückel's Rule. Hückel's Rule…
DETAILED STUDY OF ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY (AAS) 1. Introduction Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) is an analytical technique used to determine the concentration of elements in a sample. It is widely…
Title: Cyclic Voltammetry: Principles, Techniques, and Applications Introduction Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) is an electrochemical technique used to study the redox behavior of chemical species by applying a cyclic potential sweep…
Title: Ultraviolet (UV) Spectroscopy: Principles, Techniques, and Applications Introduction Ultraviolet (UV) Spectroscopy is a widely used analytical technique for studying the electronic transitions in molecules by measuring the absorption of…
Title: Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy: Principles, Techniques, and Applications Introduction Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy is a widely used analytical technique for identifying and characterizing chemical compounds based on…
Title: Mass Spectroscopy: Principles, Techniques, and Applications Introduction Mass Spectroscopy (MS) is a powerful analytical technique used to determine the mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) of ions. It provides critical insights into…
Title: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy: Principles, Techniques, and Applications Introduction Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy is one of the most powerful and versatile analytical techniques used in chemistry, biochemistry,…
Sampling in Analytical Chemistry 1. Introduction Sampling is the process of collecting a small, representative portion of a material for analysis. Essential in analytical chemistry to ensure accurate and reliable…
Redox Titration 1. Introduction Redox titration is a quantitative analytical method used to determine the concentration of an unknown analyte by reacting it with a titrant in an oxidation-reduction reaction.…